XML

• Read the w3school article about XML and the try to answer the following questions:
• What are the required elements of XML file?
• Does the XML have any predefined tags?
• Does the XML have any predefined entities?
• How to define a comment?
• Is the XML platform dependent?
• What is a CDATA section in XML file?
• What is the meaning of the colon within tag name?

• Using some text editor, define a relation that describes your faculty:
  • Your XML file should contain information about: name_of_the_faculty, group_id, id_of_the_starosts, firstname, lastname, date_of_birth (day, month, year) address, and more…
• Try to use your own markup and hierarchy.

<faculty name="air">
    <group id="1" starosts="222222">
        <members>
            <student id="222222">
                <fname>Jan</fname>
                <lname>Kowalski</lname>
                <address>
                    <city>Krakow</city>
                </address>
            </student>
            <student id="222223">
                <fname>Zbigniew</fname>
                <lname>Nowak</lname>
                <address>
                    <city>Wadowice</city>
                </address>
            </student>
        </members>
    </group>
</faculty>

• Define at least:
  • two different groups,
  • for each group define at least five members,
  • for each group define the id attribute that contains the id of the starosts.
• Your file contains some structured information.
  Is it possible to change the structure of your XML into another, which contains the same information.
• What is an empty element?

• First read these two articles about:
  • DTD
    and
  • XSD
• Choose one of these two validation methods and go to the appropriate section: DTD or XSD

• Using text editor, try to define a DTD definition for your XML syntax.
• You can define DTD definition inside XML file:
  

  <?xml version="1.0" ?> 
  <!DOCTYPE root [
  ]>
  XML content

• Test your XML against defined DTD using online validator - it requires embedded DTD.
  or
• You can also test your XML using xmlstarlet command:
  Testing xml file against external DTD definition file use:

  xmlstarlet -e -d file.dtd file.xml

  or when you use embeded DTD definition use:

  xmlstarlet -e -E file.xml

• Using text editor, try to define a XSD definition for your XML syntax.
• Test your XML against defined XSD using:
  • XSD online validator
    or
  • XML Schema Validator
    or
  • using xmlstarlet command:

    xmlstarlet -e -s file.xsd file.xml

• Read the w3school article about XPath
• Go to here
• Using your XML try to:
  • find the lastnames of all students,
  • find all lastnames of members from your group,
  • find an address of the second member from your group,
  • find the all cities of all members,
  • find the all students which are older/younger than you,
  • find a lastname of your group starosts.

• What is the DTD?
• What is the XSD?
• Which language (DTD or XSD) is more expressive?
• What are the drawbacks of DTD in comparison with XSD?
• How to define an empty element in DTD and XSD?
• What is the XPath?
• Does the XPath allow for nested queries?

• brak elementarnego wprwadzenia
• brak linków - materiałów
• brak choć jednego przykładu step-by-step

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