In Partial Logic relating weak and strong negation at the interpretation level allows to distinguish 4 categories of properties and classes:

• partial properties - properties p that may have truth-value gaps and truth-value clashes (p is possibly neither true nor false, or both true and false)
• total properties - properties p that satisfy totalness (p is true or false but possibly both)
• coherent properties - properties p that satisfy coherence (p cannot be both true and false)
• classical properties - properties that are total and coherent properties

Partial Logic supports bot open-world reasoning (OWA - Open World Assumption) and close-world reasoning (CWA - Close World Assumption).