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pl:dydaktyka:semweb:lab-ontologies [2017/10/29 22:46] kkutt utworzono |
pl:dydaktyka:semweb:lab-ontologies [2019/11/05 15:29] (aktualna) kkutt [3 Tool for prototyping: WebProtégé] |
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| ====== Introduction to ontologies ====== | ====== Introduction to ontologies ====== | ||
| - | ^ Last verification: | 20171029 | | + | ^ Last verification: | 20180914 | |
| ^ Tools required for this lab: | -- | | ^ Tools required for this lab: | -- | | ||
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| This lab aims to get you familiar with the WebProtégé ontology editor and chosen ontology constructs. You are encouraged to continue developing and refining your ontology at home. | This lab aims to get you familiar with the WebProtégé ontology editor and chosen ontology constructs. You are encouraged to continue developing and refining your ontology at home. | ||
| - | During this lab we will prototype ontology for **Harley Davidson workshop database**: | + | During this lab you can prototype an ontology for: |
| - | * workshop is dealing with any customer and order ("the stranger the better"): both motorbike repairing and customisation ([[http://gameovercycles.pl/portfolios/behemoth-bike/|exemplary custom Harley to stimulate the imagination]]) | + | * The Bold and the Beautiful / The Game of Thrones (as you are already familiar with the topic :-) ) |
| - | * in our database we will have some catalogue information (your task is to choose some that will be useful: colour, size, etc.) | + | * or Multimedia Library (e.g. books, movies, music CDs, etc). |
| - | * our database will also consist some info about customers (height, weight, etc.) | + | |
| - | * database will be the backend for visual customisation online tool (website were you can build up your ideal motorbike from available parts) | + | |
| - | * it is fictional workshop so feel free to select these properties that in your own opinion are important in a such company :) | + | |
| ===== - Tool for prototyping: WebProtégé ===== | ===== - Tool for prototyping: WebProtégé ===== | ||
| WebProtégé is a lightweight online ontology editing tool. It supports a limited set of constructs of ontology languages such as RDFS and OWL. Full-fledged ontology editor is Protege Desktop. | WebProtégé is a lightweight online ontology editing tool. It supports a limited set of constructs of ontology languages such as RDFS and OWL. Full-fledged ontology editor is Protege Desktop. | ||
| - Create an account at <wrap caution>[[http://webprotege.stanford.edu/|WebProtégé]]</wrap> website. | - Create an account at <wrap caution>[[http://webprotege.stanford.edu/|WebProtégé]]</wrap> website. | ||
| - | - Create a new project called: ''SemWeb2017-HarleyDavidson-Name'', where Name should be your name(s). | + | - Create a new project called: ''AGH-SemWeb2019-Name'', where Name should be your name(s). |
| - Load (open) your project. | - Load (open) your project. | ||
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| ==== - Determine the domain and scope ==== | ==== - Determine the domain and scope ==== | ||
| - | - Scope: Discuss in pairs and define the scope of your ontology. For example, your ontology may describe the motorbikes in specific style (e.g. ones whose appearance is inspired by the fantasy novels) or a general structure of a database describing parts and people that can be spotted in the workshop. | + | - Scope: Discuss in pairs and define the scope of your ontology. For example, your ontology may describe all GoT characters in a specified period of time (e.g. at the end of the first book) or all multimedia items that you own. |
| - You can adjust the scope later during the process. | - You can adjust the scope later during the process. | ||
| - 8-) Write down the scope of the ontology in the report. | - 8-) Write down the scope of the ontology in the report. | ||
| - | - Competency questions: Think of and list the competency questions your ontology will help to answer. Exemplary competency questions (you can use them, of course) may be: | + | - Competency questions: Think of and list the competency questions your ontology will help to answer. Exemplary competency questions may be: |
| - | - Will this part fit in my project? (e.g. it is too big / too small) | + | - What are the other movies in the genre I watch most often? |
| - | - Will this design fit me? (e.g. handlebars are so high that I cannot reach them) | + | - Who are the children of the one named "Kingslayer"? |
| - | - What parts I can add to my motorbike? (e.g. if I have something like [[http://gameovercycles.pl/portfolios/behemoth-bike/|Behemoth Bike]], My Little Pony drawings are probably not the best solution) \\ 8-) Write down the competency questions in the report. | + | - Did Brooke marry a member of the Forrester family and when? \\ 8-) Write down the competency questions in the report. |
| ==== - Consider reuse ==== | ==== - Consider reuse ==== | ||
| - | - Search for existing ontologies related to the topic (max 10-15minutes) (e.g., the simplest ontology that will be useful is FOAF for describing the name and mail of each customer). Although you may not know the syntax of ontology languages, they should be intuitive (remember, they are basically descriptions of classes and relations among them). | + | - Search for existing ontologies related to the topic (max 10 minutes) (e.g. the simplest ontology that will be useful is FOAF for describing the names od Dublin Core for describing basic media metadata). Although you may not know the syntax of ontology languages, they should be intuitive (remember, they are basically descriptions of classes and relations among them). |
| - 8-) Put in your report links to **two** ontologies that you find useful / related to the topic. List classes and properties you will use in your ontology (if any). | - 8-) Put in your report links to **two** ontologies that you find useful / related to the topic. List classes and properties you will use in your ontology (if any). | ||
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| ==== - Define classes and class hierarchy ==== | ==== - Define classes and class hierarchy ==== | ||
| - | - In WebProtege, choose the ''Classes'' tab and create a new class. E.g., it may by a ''Person'', or ''Part'' or ''Style'' etc.{{ :pl:dydaktyka:semweb:wp-class.png?400 |}} | + | - In WebProtege, choose the ''Classes'' tab and create a new class. E.g., it may by a ''Person'', or ''Movie'' or ''Kingdom'' etc.{{ :pl:dydaktyka:semweb:wp-class.png?400 |}} |
| - Repeat it for other classes. Create approx. 10-20 classes. | - Repeat it for other classes. Create approx. 10-20 classes. | ||
| - Use //drag-and-drop// mechanism od WebProtege to move classes around in the classes "tree" -> create a hierarchy of terms. | - Use //drag-and-drop// mechanism od WebProtege to move classes around in the classes "tree" -> create a hierarchy of terms. | ||
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| ==== - Create instances ==== | ==== - Create instances ==== | ||
| - | - In ''Individuals'' tab, create a few instances (//objects//) of defined classes (e.g., ''John Kowalski'' - an individual of a class ''Person'', ''Behemoth Style'' as an instance of a class ''Style'' etc.) | + | - In ''Individuals'' tab, create a few instances (//objects//) of defined classes (e.g., ''Jaime Lannister'' - an individual of a class ''Person'', ''House Lannister'' as an instance of a class ''Family'' etc.) |
| - | - Assert relations among the instances (e.g., ''John Kowalski'' ''likes'' ''Behemoth Style'') | + | - Assert relations among the instances (e.g., ''Jaime Lannister'' ''belongsTo'' ''House Lannister'') |
| ==== - Tune your ontology ==== | ==== - Tune your ontology ==== | ||
| - More about creating classes: read [[http://protege.stanford.edu/publications/ontology_development/ontology101-noy-mcguinness.html#Section4|Section 4]] and Section 5 of the tutorial and correct mistakes in your ontology. | - More about creating classes: read [[http://protege.stanford.edu/publications/ontology_development/ontology101-noy-mcguinness.html#Section4|Section 4]] and Section 5 of the tutorial and correct mistakes in your ontology. | ||
| - | - Conventions and vocabulary: read [[http://protege.stanford.edu/publications/ontology_development/ontology101-noy-mcguinness.html#Section6|Section 6]] and | + | - Conventions and vocabulary: read [[http://protege.stanford.edu/publications/ontology_development/ontology101-noy-mcguinness.html#Section6|Section 6]] and: |
| - | - tune your naming conventions (use ''CamelCase'', starting with a capital letter for class names and a small letter for properties). | + | - tune your naming conventions (use ''CamelCase'', starting with a capital letter for class names and a small letter for properties), |
| - be consistent about suffixes in the classes' names. | - be consistent about suffixes in the classes' names. | ||
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| Lecture: | Lecture: | ||
| - | * {{pl:dydaktyka:semweb:2014:eis2014semweb-ontologies.pdf|Semantic Web: Building Ontologies (2015)}}, | + | * {{pl:dydaktyka:semweb:2014:eis2014semweb-ontologies.pdf|Semantic Web: Building Ontologies (2014)}}, |
| - | * {{pl:dydaktyka:semweb:2014:eis2014semweb-ontology-logic.pdf|Semantic Web: Ontology Engineering and Reasoning (2015)}} | + | * {{pl:dydaktyka:semweb:2014:eis2014semweb-ontology-logic.pdf|Semantic Web: Ontology Engineering and Reasoning (2014)}} |
| Software: | Software: | ||
| * [[http://protege.stanford.edu|Protégé]] ontology editor | * [[http://protege.stanford.edu|Protégé]] ontology editor | ||
| - | * Protégé Tutorial: http://owl.cs.manchester.ac.uk/publications/talks-and-tutorials/protg-owl-tutorial/ | + | * [[http://owl.cs.manchester.ac.uk/publications/talks-and-tutorials/protg-owl-tutorial/|Protégé Tutorial]] |
| + | * [[http://oops.linkeddata.es/|OOPS! (OntOlogy Pitfall Scanner!)]] | ||
| + | * [[https://github.com/dgarijo/WIDOCO|WIzard for DOCumenting Ontologies (WIDOCO)]] | ||
| Reading: | Reading: | ||
| * {{guarinofois98.pdf|N. Guarino: "Formal Ontology and Information Systems" (1998)}} | * {{guarinofois98.pdf|N. Guarino: "Formal Ontology and Information Systems" (1998)}} | ||
| - | * [[http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~horrocks/ISWC2003/Tutorial/|OWL Tutorial from 2003]] | + | * [[https://www.cambridgesemantics.com/blog/semantic-university/learn-owl-rdfs/rdfs-vs-owl/|RDFS vs OWL. Short comparison @Cambridge Semantics]] |
| - | * [[http://www.cambridgesemantics.com/semantic-university/rdfs-vs-owl|RDFS vs OWL. Short comparison @Cambridge Semantics]] | + | |
| * [[http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/wiki/Main_Page|Ontology Design patterns]] | * [[http://ontologydesignpatterns.org/wiki/Main_Page|Ontology Design patterns]] | ||
| + | OWL Tutorials: | ||
| + | * [[http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~horrocks/ISWC2003/Tutorial/|OWL Tutorial from 2003]] | ||
| + | * [[http://mowl-power.cs.man.ac.uk/2009/07/sssw/|OWL Reasoning Examples and Hands-On Session (2009)]] | ||
| + | * [[http://mowl-power.cs.man.ac.uk/2008/iswc-tones/|Reasoning for Ontology Engineering and Usage - ISWC 2008]] | ||
| + | * [[http://owl.cs.manchester.ac.uk/publications/talks-and-tutorials/|Talks and Tutorials -- OWL @ Manchester]] | ||
| + | * http://protege.stanford.edu/conference/2009/tutorials.html | ||
| + | * [[http://www.linkeddatatools.com/introducing-rdfs-owl|Tutorial 4: Introducing RDFS & OWL]] | ||
