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| - | ====== Hekate Markup Language ====== | ||
| - | |||
| - | The //Hekate Markup Language (HML)// is provided for the machine readable XML serialization of the HeKatE rule base described in a human-readable [[HMR]] format. | ||
| - | |||
| - | The rules are formalized with the use of the [[hekate:ALSVFD]] logic | ||
| - | and [[hekate:XTT2]] rules | ||
| - | prototyped with the [[hekate:ARDplus]] method. | ||
| - | |||
| - | There are the following subsets of the HeKatE Markup Language defined: | ||
| - | * ''attml'' -- Attribute Markup Language for describing rule [[hekate:attributes]] | ||
| - | * ''ardml'' -- Attribute Relationship Markup Language for the [[hekate:ARDplus]] prototype | ||
| - | * ''xttml'' -- XTT2 Rule Markup Language for the [[hekate:XTT2]] structured rule representation | ||
| - | |||
| - | The sublanguages can be used according to the following scenarios: | ||
| - | - ''attml'' -- only attribute definition, the minimalistic case | ||
| - | - ''attml'' + ''ardml'' -- attributes and ARD dependencies | ||
| - | - ''attml'' + ''ardml'' + ''xttml'' -- attributes, dependencies and XTT2 rules | ||
| - | - ''attml'' + ''xttml'' -- attributes and rules, (without the ARD prototype) | ||
| - | |||
| - | A HML application using all sublanguages is as follows: | ||
| - | |||
| - | <code xml> | ||
| - | <hml> | ||
| - | <!-- attml starts here --> | ||
| - | <types> | ||
| - | ... | ||
| - | </types> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <attributes> | ||
| - | ... | ||
| - | </attributes> | ||
| - | <!-- attml ends here --> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <!-- ardml starts here --> | ||
| - | <properties> | ||
| - | ... | ||
| - | </properties> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <tph> | ||
| - | ... | ||
| - | </tph> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <ard> | ||
| - | ... | ||
| - | </ard> | ||
| - | <!-- ardml ends here --> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <!-- xttml starts here --> | ||
| - | <xtt> | ||
| - | ... | ||
| - | </xtt> | ||
| - | <!-- xttml ends here --> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <!-- extra system state specification --> | ||
| - | <states> | ||
| - | </states> | ||
| - | </hml> | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | The current version is referred to as //HML2// | ||
| - | (the first one is [[HML1]], see below). | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== HeKatE markup history===== | ||
| - | |||
| - | The markup for the various knowledge representations now present in HeKatE has been evolving. | ||
| - | * 2004 - first markup for XTT in GJN PhD -> XTTML0 | ||
| - | * 2007 - first markup for ARD+ in VARDA | ||
| - | * 2007 - second version of markup for XTT in early versions of HQEd -> XTTML | ||
| - | * 2007 - third version of markup for XTT in HQEd M5_* -> XTTML2 | ||
| - | * 2008 - first version markup proposal for HeKatE, ARD+, XTT+ -> [[HML1]]: ATTML1, ARDML1, XTTML3 (proposal for XTT+, partially supported by design tools) | ||
| - | * 2009 - second version of HML, ARD+ XTT2 -> HML2: ATTML2, ARDML2, XTTML4 (supported by HQEd M6_* from 05.2009) | ||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | ===== HML syntax ===== | ||
| - | |||
| - | HeKatE markup language DTD: {{hml.dtd}} (for HML2). | ||
| - | |||
| - | For syntax test purposes there is an example XML file:{{:hekate:hml-test-hekate_case_thermostat.xml|}} | ||
| - | A minimalistic file is: {{hml-test-min.xml}} | ||
| - | |||
| - | //(Note: the above files are versioned in the HaDEs CVS repo in the [[HatHoR]] module.)// | ||
| - | |||
| - | Important elements are indexed with an attribute ''id''. | ||
| - | ''id'' value has to be unique (enforced by DTD) and should start with (depending on particular element): | ||
| - | * types: ''id="tpe_..."'' | ||
| - | * attributes: ''id="att_..."'' | ||
| - | * properties: ''id="prp_..."'' | ||
| - | * type groups: ''id="tgr_..."'' | ||
| - | * attribute groups: ''id="agr_..."'' | ||
| - | * dependencies: ''id="dep_..."'' | ||
| - | * ARD history (TPH): ''id="hst_..."'' | ||
| - | //All id numbers start with 1// | ||
| - | |||
| - | An additional attribute (''id'') is introduced to guarantee that types, attributes, properties and groups can be uniquely referenced. | ||
| - | It can be forced, using DTD, that an attribute has a unique value within an XML document, it becomes a unique identifier. | ||
| - | Similarly, it can be forced that an attribute references an element by its unique identifier. | ||
| - | Making attribute names unique identifiers prevents naming a group, or type, with the same name as the attribute, since unique identifiers are unique within entire document regardless of the element they regard to. | ||
| - | |||
| - | It is possible to validate a HML file using a validator i.e. ''xmlstarlet'': | ||
| - | |||
| - | xmlstarlet val -e -d hml.dtd hml-test.xml | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== ATTML ===== | ||
| - | |||
| - | For information on attributes [[hekate:attributes|see here]]. | ||
| - | |||
| - | <code xml> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <types> | ||
| - | <type id="tpe_1" name="Temperature" base="numeric" length="5" scale="0"> | ||
| - | <desc>represents a temperature</desc> | ||
| - | <domain> | ||
| - | <value from="1" to="5"/> | ||
| - | <value is="7" /> | ||
| - | <value from="20" to="22"/> | ||
| - | <value is="26" /> | ||
| - | <value is="27" /> | ||
| - | </domain> | ||
| - | </type> | ||
| - | <type id="tpe_2" name="Integer" base="numeric" length="5" scale="0"> | ||
| - | <desc>represents an integer number</desc> | ||
| - | <domain> | ||
| - | <value from="-10000" to="10000"/> | ||
| - | </domain> | ||
| - | </type> | ||
| - | </types> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <attributes> | ||
| - | <attr id="att_1" type="tpe_1" name="temp" abbrev="t1" class="simple" comm="in"> | ||
| - | <desc>input temperature from sensor number 1</desc> | ||
| - | </attr> | ||
| - | <attr id="att_2" type="tpe_1" name="temp-aux" abbrev="t1a" class="general" comm="in"> | ||
| - | <desc>input temperature from sensor number 1, aux reading, including historic data</desc> | ||
| - | </attr> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <agroup id="grp_1" name="sensors" abbrev="sns"> | ||
| - | <desc>temperatures from sensors</desc> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_1"/> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_2"/> | ||
| - | </agroup> | ||
| - | |||
| - | </attributes> | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | Both in the case of //types// and //attributes// groups can be specified. | ||
| - | Example: types day, hour, month can form a type group //date//. | ||
| - | The same could apply to specific attributes. | ||
| - | In the example above there is set of attributes describing sensor readings formed out of values of temp and corresponding temp-aux. | ||
| - | Attributes in groups and types are //ordered//. | ||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | ===== ARDML ===== | ||
| - | For ARD see [[hekate:ardplus]] | ||
| - | and | ||
| - | [[hekate:bib:hekate_bibliography#gjn2008flairs-ardformal]] | ||
| - | [[hekate:bib:hekate_bibliography#gjn2008flairs-ardprolog]] | ||
| - | |||
| - | <code xml> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <hml> | ||
| - | <types> | ||
| - | ... | ||
| - | </types> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <attributes> | ||
| - | <attr name="Thermostat" id="att_0"/> | ||
| - | <attr name="Time" ... /> | ||
| - | </attributes> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <properties> | ||
| - | <property id="prp_1"> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_0"/> | ||
| - | </property> | ||
| - | <property id="prp_2"> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_0"/> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_1"/> | ||
| - | </property> | ||
| - | <property id="prp_3"> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_0"/> | ||
| - | </property> | ||
| - | <property id="prp_4"> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_1"/> | ||
| - | </property> | ||
| - | <property id="prp_5"> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_0"/> | ||
| - | </property> | ||
| - | </properties> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <tph> | ||
| - | <hist id="hst_01" src="prp_1" dst="prp_2"/> | ||
| - | <hist id="hst_02" src="prp_2" dst="prp_3"/> | ||
| - | <hist id="hst_03" src="prp_2" dst="prp_4"/> | ||
| - | <hist id="hst_04" src="prp_4" dst="prp_5"/> | ||
| - | </tph> | ||
| - | |||
| - | <ard> | ||
| - | <dep id="dep_01" independent="prp_1" dependent="prp_2"/> | ||
| - | <dep id="dep_02" independent="prp_2" dependent="prp_3"/> | ||
| - | <dep id="dep_03" independent="prp_3" dependent="prp_4"/> | ||
| - | <dep id="dep_04" independent="prp_2" dependent="prp_4"/> | ||
| - | </ard> | ||
| - | |||
| - | ... | ||
| - | ... | ||
| - | </hml> | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | ==== Defining ARD+ Properties ==== | ||
| - | |||
| - | Basic syntax: | ||
| - | <code xml> | ||
| - | <properties> | ||
| - | <property id="prp_1"> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_0"/> | ||
| - | ... | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_ad003"/> | ||
| - | </property> | ||
| - | ... | ||
| - | <property id="prp_2"> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_44"/> | ||
| - | ... | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_2"/> | ||
| - | </property> | ||
| - | </properties> | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | * Properties are defined in ''<properties>...</properties>'' section. This section must contain all properties which are being used in an ARD diagram. | ||
| - | * Single property is defined by ''<property>'' tag | ||
| - | * Single property contains any number of attributes. A list of attributes is defined by ''<attref>'' | ||
| - | |||
| - | ==== Defining TPH Diagram ==== | ||
| - | Basic syntax: | ||
| - | |||
| - | <code xml> | ||
| - | <tph> | ||
| - | <hist src="prp_1" dst="prp_2"/> | ||
| - | <hist src="prp_2" dst="prp_3"/> | ||
| - | <hist src="prp_2" dst="prp_4"/> | ||
| - | ... | ||
| - | <hist src="prp_n" dst="prp_m"/> | ||
| - | </tph> | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | * TPH diagram is definied in ''<tph>...</tph>'' section. TPH diagram contains relationships called transformations. | ||
| - | * A transformation is defined with the ''<hist>'' tags and it describes the development between a source (''src'') and destination (''dst'') properties. | ||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | ==== Defining Dependencies ==== | ||
| - | Basic syntax: | ||
| - | |||
| - | <code xml> | ||
| - | <ard> | ||
| - | <dep independent="prp_1" dependent="prp_2"/> | ||
| - | <dep independent="prp_2" dependent="prp_3"/> | ||
| - | ... | ||
| - | <dep independent="prp_x" dependent="prp_y"/> | ||
| - | ... | ||
| - | <dep independent="prp_x" dependent="prp_z"/> | ||
| - | </ard> | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | * ARD dependencies begin with the ''<ard>'' tag. The tag does not have attributes. Each dependence is defined with a a pair of properties: an ''independent'' and a ''dependent'' one. | ||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | |||
| - | ===== XTTML ===== | ||
| - | |||
| - | For information on the XTT itself [[hekate:xtt2|see here]]. | ||
| - | |||
| - | <code xml> | ||
| - | <xtt> | ||
| - | <table id="tab_1" name="first"> | ||
| - | <schm> | ||
| - | <precondition> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_1"/> | ||
| - | </precondition> | ||
| - | <conclusion> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_0"/> | ||
| - | </conclusion> | ||
| - | </schm> | ||
| - | <rule id="rul_1"> | ||
| - | <condition> | ||
| - | <relation name="in"> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_0"/> | ||
| - | <set> | ||
| - | <value from="1" to="5"/> | ||
| - | <value is="8"/> | ||
| - | </set> | ||
| - | </relation> | ||
| - | </condition> | ||
| - | <decision> | ||
| - | <trans> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_1"/> | ||
| - | <expr name="add"> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_1"/> | ||
| - | <value is="1"/> | ||
| - | </expr> | ||
| - | </trans> | ||
| - | <trans> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_1"/> | ||
| - | <expr name="add"> | ||
| - | <value is="5"/> | ||
| - | <expr name="sin"> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_0"/> | ||
| - | </expr> | ||
| - | </expr> | ||
| - | </trans> | ||
| - | </decision> | ||
| - | <link> | ||
| - | <tabref ref="tab_1"/> | ||
| - | </link> | ||
| - | </rule> | ||
| - | </table> | ||
| - | </xtt> | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | An XTT diagram (''xtt'' element) consists of some number of XTT tables (the ''table'' element). | ||
| - | The above example can be read as: | ||
| - | |||
| - | <code> | ||
| - | xtt_1: | ||
| - | rule_1: if att_0 in <1,5>u{8} then att_1 = att_0 + 1 and att_1 = 5 + sin(att_0) | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | ==== Schema ==== | ||
| - | |||
| - | Element ''schem'' describes precondition and conclusion attributes that are allowed to be used in a particular XTT table. | ||
| - | The schema is generated by the ARD->XTT transition algorithm directly from ARD. | ||
| - | |||
| - | ==== Rule ==== | ||
| - | |||
| - | A rule (''rule'') consists of a condition (''condition'') part and a decision part (''decision''). | ||
| - | The condition is composed of the [[hekate:ALSVFD]] formulas, that specify certain''relation''s between attribute values and given set of values. | ||
| - | |||
| - | The decision part is decomposed into two parts: | ||
| - | * state ''trans''istion that can specify new state (attribute values), and | ||
| - | * external ''action'' to be executed; it is assumed it does //not// infulences the state in any way. | ||
| - | |||
| - | Each rule can explicitly transef the inference to a next table (possibly also a rule). | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== State specification ===== | ||
| - | |||
| - | Number of named system states can also be specified. | ||
| - | A single state is a vector of attribute values. | ||
| - | |||
| - | <code xml> | ||
| - | <states> | ||
| - | <state id="sta_1" name="start"> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_0"/> | ||
| - | <set> | ||
| - | <value from="1" to="5"/> | ||
| - | <value is="8"/> | ||
| - | </set> | ||
| - | <attref ref="att_1"/> | ||
| - | <set> | ||
| - | <value from="1" to="5"/> | ||
| - | </set> | ||
| - | </state> | ||
| - | </states> | ||
| - | </code> | ||
| - | |||
| - | ===== HML implementation and support ===== | ||
| - | HML is used to serialize the knowledge in the HeKatE project in a machne redable format. | ||
| - | It is used to interchange knowledge between the tools forming the [[HaDEs]] framework. | ||
| - | |||
| - | HML syntax has been designed to: | ||
| - | * correspond to the logical system formulation with [[hekate:XTT2]] based on the [[hekate:ALSVfd]] logics, and | ||
| - | * match the syntax of //HMR// (the HeKatE Meta Representation) as supported by //[[hekate:HeART]]// - the HeKatE runTime environment. | ||
| - | |||
