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pl:prolog:pllib:animals [2019/06/27 15:50] (aktualna) |
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| + | ====== Animals ====== | ||
| + | {{tag>rules interactive}} | ||
| + | ===== Description ===== | ||
| + | The program uses its identification rules to determine the animal that you have chosen. | ||
| + | |||
| + | **Source**: PrologTutorial (on-line tutorial) | ||
| + | ===== Download ===== | ||
| + | Program source code: {{animals.pl}} | ||
| + | ===== Listing ===== | ||
| + | <code prolog> | ||
| + | /* prolog tutorial 2.17 Animal identification game. | ||
| + | |||
| + | start with ?- go. */ | ||
| + | |||
| + | go :- hypothesize(Animal), | ||
| + | write('I guess that the animal is: '), | ||
| + | write(Animal), | ||
| + | nl, | ||
| + | undo. | ||
| + | |||
| + | /* hypotheses to be tested */ | ||
| + | hypothesize(cheetah) :- cheetah, !. | ||
| + | hypothesize(tiger) :- tiger, !. | ||
| + | hypothesize(giraffe) :- giraffe, !. | ||
| + | hypothesize(zebra) :- zebra, !. | ||
| + | hypothesize(ostrich) :- ostrich, !. | ||
| + | hypothesize(penguin) :- penguin, !. | ||
| + | hypothesize(albatross) :- albatross, !. | ||
| + | hypothesize(unknown). /* no diagnosis */ | ||
| + | |||
| + | /* animal identification rules */ | ||
| + | cheetah :- mammal, | ||
| + | carnivore, | ||
| + | verify(has_tawny_color), | ||
| + | verify(has_dark_spots). | ||
| + | tiger :- mammal, | ||
| + | carnivore, | ||
| + | verify(has_tawny_color), | ||
| + | verify(has_black_stripes). | ||
| + | giraffe :- ungulate, | ||
| + | verify(has_long_neck), | ||
| + | verify(has_long_legs). | ||
| + | zebra :- ungulate, | ||
| + | verify(has_black_stripes). | ||
| + | |||
| + | ostrich :- bird, | ||
| + | verify(does_not_fly), | ||
| + | verify(has_long_neck). | ||
| + | penguin :- bird, | ||
| + | verify(does_not_fly), | ||
| + | verify(swims), | ||
| + | verify(is_black_and_white). | ||
| + | albatross :- bird, | ||
| + | verify(appears_in_story_Ancient_Mariner), | ||
| + | verify(flys_well). | ||
| + | |||
| + | /* classification rules */ | ||
| + | mammal :- verify(has_hair), !. | ||
| + | mammal :- verify(gives_milk). | ||
| + | bird :- verify(has_feathers), !. | ||
| + | bird :- verify(flys), | ||
| + | verify(lays_eggs). | ||
| + | carnivore :- verify(eats_meat), !. | ||
| + | carnivore :- verify(has_pointed_teeth), | ||
| + | verify(has_claws), | ||
| + | verify(has_forward_eyes). | ||
| + | ungulate :- mammal, | ||
| + | verify(has_hooves), !. | ||
| + | ungulate :- mammal, | ||
| + | verify(chews_cud). | ||
| + | |||
| + | /* how to ask questions */ | ||
| + | ask(Question) :- | ||
| + | write('Does the animal have the following attribute: '), | ||
| + | write(Question), | ||
| + | write('? '), | ||
| + | read(Response), | ||
| + | nl, | ||
| + | ( (Response == yes ; Response == y) | ||
| + | -> | ||
| + | assert(yes(Question)) ; | ||
| + | assert(no(Question)), fail). | ||
| + | |||
| + | :- dynamic yes/1,no/1. | ||
| + | |||
| + | /* How to verify something */ | ||
| + | verify(S) :- | ||
| + | (yes(S) | ||
| + | -> | ||
| + | true ; | ||
| + | (no(S) | ||
| + | -> | ||
| + | fail ; | ||
| + | ask(S))). | ||
| + | |||
| + | /* undo all yes/no assertions */ | ||
| + | undo :- retract(yes(_)),fail. | ||
| + | undo :- retract(no(_)),fail. | ||
| + | undo. | ||
| + | |||
| + | </code> | ||
| + | ===== Comments ===== | ||
