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pl:miw:2009:miw09_owl_rules_1 [2009/05/13 12:55] miw |
pl:miw:2009:miw09_owl_rules_1 [2009/06/16 11:27] miw |
====== Opis ====== | |
Wojciech Franczak, email: franczak@student.agh.edu.pl | |
==== OWL_Rules ==== | ====== MIW 2009: OWL_Rules ====== |
| |
| **Zrealizował:** [[franczak@student.agh.edu.pl|Wojciech Franczak]] |
How decision rules can be represented, encoded in OWL rules in description logic, description logic programs, swrl? | How decision rules can be represented, encoded in OWL rules in description logic, description logic programs, swrl? |
| |
| ====== Prezentacja ====== |
| [[pl:miw:2009:miw09_NAZWA_PROJEKTU:prezentacja|Prezentacja wyników projektowych]]. |
| |
====== Spotkania ====== | ====== Spotkania ====== |
| ===== 20090513 ==== |
| |
| proszę wskazać w których publ. które poodejścia są proponowane, jakie są ich |
| zalety i wady, jak się maja do formalizacji w DL. |
| |
===== 20090409 ==== | ===== 20090409 ==== |
| |
</owlx:Rule> | </owlx:Rule> |
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| Mapping to RDF Graphs: |
| |
===== BIBTEX ===== | Rules have variables, so treating them as a semantic extension of RDF is very difficult. It is, however, still possible to provide an RDF syntax for rules it is just that the semantics of the resultant RDF graphs will not be an extension of the RDF Semantics. A mapping to RDF/XML is most easily created as an extension to the XSLT transformation for the OWL XML Presentation syntax. |
| |
Is a tool for formatting lists of references. The BibTeX tool is typically used together with the LaTeX document preparation system. | <owlr:Variable rdf:ID="_airport"/> |
| <owlr:Variable rdf:ID="_loc"/> |
| <owlr:Variable rdf:ID="_name"/> |
| <owlr:Variable rdf:ID="_lat"/> |
| <owlr:Variable rdf:ID="_lon"/> |
| <owlr:Rule> |
| <owlr:antecedent rdf:parseType="Collection"> |
| <owlr:classAtom> |
| <owlr:classPredicate rdf:about="&airport-ont;Airport"/> |
| <owlr:argument1 rdf:about="#_airport" /> |
| </owlr:classAtom> |
| <owlr:individualPropertyAtom> |
| <owlr:propertyPredicate rdf:resource="#location"/> |
| <owlr:argument1 rdf:about="#_airport" /> |
| <owlr:argument2 rdf:about="#_loc" /> |
| </owlr:individualPropertyAtom> |
| <owlr:datavaluedPropertyAtom> |
| <owlr:propertyPredicate rdf:resource="#latitude"/> |
| <owlr:argument1 rdf:about="#_loc" /> |
| <owlr:argument2 rdf:about="#_lat" /> |
| </owlr:datavaluedPropertyAtom> |
| <owlr:datavaluedPropertyAtom> |
| <owlr:propertyPredicate rdf:resource="#longitude"/> |
| <owlr:argument1 rdf:about="#_loc" /> |
| <owlr:argument2 rdf:about="#_lon" /> |
| </owlr:datavaluedPropertyAtom> |
| </owlr:antecedent> |
| <owlr:consequent rdf:parseType="Collection"> |
| <owlr:classAtom> |
| <owlr:classPredicate> |
| <owl:Restriction> |
| <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="#sameLocation"/> |
| <owl:someValuesFrom> |
| <owl:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="Collection"> |
| <owl:Class rdf:about="↦Location"/> |
| <owl:Restriction> |
| <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="↦isLocationOf"/> |
| <owl:someValuesFrom> |
| <owl:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="Collection"> |
| <owl:Class rdf:about="↦Point"/> |
| <owl:Restriction> |
| <owl:onProperty rdf:resource="↦isObjectOf"/> |
| <owl:someValuesFrom> |
| <owl:oneOf rdf:parseType="Collection"> |
| <owl:Item rdf:resource="#layer"/> |
| </owl:oneOf> |
| </owl:someValuesFrom> |
| </owl:Restriction> |
| </owl:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="Collection"> |
| </owl:someValuesFrom> |
| </owl:Restriction> |
| </owl:intersectionOf rdf:parseType="Collection"> |
| </owl:someValuesFrom> |
| </owl:Restriction> |
| </owlr:classPredicate> |
| <owlr:argument1 rdf:about="_airport" /> |
| </owlr:classAtom> |
| </owlr:consequent> |
| </owlr:Rule> |
| |
code example: | ==== Summary ==== |
@Book{abramowitz+stegun, | |
author = "Milton Abramowitz and Irene A. Stegun", | |
title = "Handbook of Mathematical Functions with | |
Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables", | |
publisher = "Dover", | |
year = 1964, | |
address = "New York", | |
edition = "ninth Dover printing, tenth GPO printing" | |
} | |
| |
Inclusion bibliography base in the file follow by after command 'bibliography' | Abstract Syntax: |
| |
example: | Based on http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~horrocks/DAML/Rules/#2.1: |
| |
\bibliography{file_name} - where 'file_name' is file with base. | The abstract syntax is specified by means of a version of Extended BNF, very similar to the EBNF notation used for XML. Terminals are quoted; non-terminals are bold and not quoted. Alternatives are either separated by vertical bars (|) or are given in different productions. Components that can occur at most once are enclosed in square brackets ([…]); components that can occur any number of times (including zero) are enclosed in braces ({…}). Whitespace is ignored in the productions here. |
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| XML Concrete Syntax: |
| |
====== Prezentacja ====== | Based on http://ect.bell-labs.com/who/pfps/publications/owl-rules-proposal.pdf: |
====== Materiały ====== | |
| |
http://204.178.16.26/who/pfps/talks/rules/index.html#(1) | Many possible XML encodings could be imagined (e.g., a RuleML based syntax), but the most obvious solution is to extend the existing OWL Web Ontology Language XML Presentation Syntax , which can be straightforwardly modified to deal with ORL. This has several advantages: |
| * arbitrary OWL classes (e.g., descriptions) can be used as predicates in rules; |
| * rules and ontology axioms can be freely mixed; |
| * the existing XSLT stylesheet can easily be extended to provide a mapping to RDF graphs that extends the OWL RDF/XML exchange syntax. |
| |
http://markmail.org/download.xqy?id=2cfm7saakjheqrxl&number=1 | Mapping to RDF Graphs: |
| |
http://osm.cs.byu.edu/CS652s04/ontologies/OWL/carads.owl | Based on http://www.daml.org/2003/10/pi-meeting/OWL-Rules/all.htm |
| |
http://www-ksl.stanford.edu/projects/wine/explanation.html | * Rules have variables, so treating them as a semantic extension of RDF is very difficult |
| * Possible to provide an RDF syntax for rules but the semantics of the resultant RDF graphs will not be an extension of the RDF Semantics |
| * Mapping to RDF/XML is most easily created as an extension to the XSLT transformation for the OWL XML Presentation syntax |
| |
http://ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/Publications/CEUR-WS/Vol-196/alpsws2006-poster5.pdf | |
| |
http://www.webont.org/owled/2008dc/papers/owled2008dc_paper_18.pdf | Usage Suggestions: |
| |
http://www.daml.org/2003/11/swrl/rdfsyntax.html | Users may want to restrict the form or expressiveness of the rules they employ, in order to increase interoperability, reusability, extensibility, computational scaleability, or ease of implementation. |
| |
http://www.daml.org/rules/proposal/ | A useful restriction in the form of the rules is to limit antecedent and consequent classAtoms to be named classes, where the classes are defined purely in OWL (in the same document or in external OWL documents). Adhering to this format makes it easier to translate rules to or from existing (or future) rule systems, including: |
| |
http://www.w3.org/TR/owl-semantics/examples.html | 1.Prolog; |
--------- | 2.production rules (descended from OPS5); |
RDF: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework | 3.event-condition-action rules; and |
| 4.SQL (where views, queries, and facts are all rules). |
| Adhering to this form also maximises reuse and interoperability of the ontology knowledge in the rules with other OWL-speaking systems that do not necessarily support OWL Rules. |
| |
SWRL: https://ai.ia.agh.edu.pl/wiki/doku.php?id=pl:miw:miw08_hml_rules:owl | Users also may want to restrict the expressiveness of the OWL classes and descriptions appearing in rules. One useful restriction on expressivity is Description Logic Programs which, e.g., prohibits existentially-quantified knowledge in consequents. Suitably-restricted OWL Rules can be straightforwardly extended to enable procedural attachments and/or nonmonotonic reasoning (negation-as-failure and/or prioritised conflict handling) of the kinds supported in CCI rule systems and in RuleML which facilitates interoperability between those CCI rule systems. Such adherence may thus facilitate combining OWL Rules knowledge with knowledge from those other rules languages. Suitable restrictions can also improve the empirical tractability of reasoning with rules. |
| |
SWRL: http://www.w3.org/Submission/SWRL/ | ===== BIBTEX ===== |
| |
BibTeX: http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/BibTeX | Is a tool for formatting lists of references. The BibTeX tool is typically used together with the LaTeX document preparation system. |
| |
DL: https://ai.ia.agh.edu.pl/wiki/hekate:semweb:dl_intro | code example: |
| @Book{abramowitz+stegun, |
| author = "Milton Abramowitz and Irene A. Stegun", |
| title = "Handbook of Mathematical Functions with |
| Formulas, Graphs, and Mathematical Tables", |
| publisher = "Dover", |
| year = 1964, |
| address = "New York", |
| edition = "ninth Dover printing, tenth GPO printing" |
| } |
| |
OWL: http://www.w3.org/2004/12/rules-ws/paper/42/ | Inclusion bibliography base in the file follow by after command 'bibliography' |
| |
OWL: http://www.w3.org/TR/owl-semantics/syntax.html#2.1 | example: |
| |
OWL rules: http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~horrocks/DAML/Rules/#2.1 | \bibliography{file_name} - where 'file_name' is file with base. |
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*http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Description_logic | |
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*http://www2003.org/cdrom/papers/refereed/p117/p117-grosof.html | |
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*http://arxiv.org/abs/0711.3419 | |
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*http://www.mindswap.org/2005/OWLWorkshop/sub22.pdf | ====== Materiały ====== |
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*http://www.co-ode.org/resources/tutorials/ProtegeOWLTutorial.pdf | |
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*http://korrekt.org/page/Description_Logic_Rules | |
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*http://www.cs.put.poznan.pl/alawrynowicz/sem20060328.pdf | |
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*http://www.semanticweb.gr/TheaOWLLib/ | |
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*http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0711/0711.3419.pdf | |
| |
| - [[https://ai.ia.agh.edu.pl/wiki/hekate:semweb:dl_intro|Description Logics and OWL in the Semantic Web]] |
| - [[http://example.com|External Link]] |
| - [[http://owl.man.ac.uk/2003/why/latest/ |OWL Reasoning Examples]] |
| - [[http://ect.bell-labs.com/who/pfps/publications/owl-rules-proposal.pdf|A Proposal for an OWL Rules Language 1]] |
| - [[http://204.178.16.26/who/pfps/talks/rules/index.html#(1)|A Proposal for an OWL Rules Language 2]] |
| - [[http://www.cs.man.ac.uk/~horrocks/DAML/Rules/#2.1|A Proposal for an OWL Rules Language 3]] |
| - [[http://osm.cs.byu.edu/CS652s04/ontologies/OWL/carads.owl|First OWL ontology example: Car Advistisement Ontology]] |
| - [[http://www-ksl.stanford.edu/projects/wine/explanation.html|How does it work?]] |
| - [[http://ftp.informatik.rwth-aachen.de/Publications/CEUR-WS/Vol-196/alpsws2006-poster5.pdf|Applying Prolog to Semantic Web Ontologies & Rules]] |
| - [[http://www.webont.org/owled/2008dc/papers/owled2008dc_paper_18.pdf|Safe Rules for OWL 1.1]] |
| - [[http://www.daml.org/2003/11/swrl/rdfsyntax.html|RDF Concrete Syntax]] |
| - [[http://www.daml.org/rules/proposal/|SWRL: A Semantic Web Rule Language Combining OWL and RuleML 1]] |
| - [[http://www.w3.org/Submission/SWRL/|SWRL: A Semantic Web Rule Language Combining OWL and RuleML 2]] |
| - [[http://www.w3.org/TR/owl-semantics/examples.html|OWL Web Ontology Language Semantics and Abstract Syntax 1]] |
| - [[http://www.w3.org/TR/owl-semantics/syntax.html#2.1|OWL Web Ontology Language Semantics and Abstract Syntax 2]] |
| - [[http://example.com|External Link]] |
| - [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Resource_Description_Framework|Resource Description Framework]] |
| - [[https://ai.ia.agh.edu.pl/wiki/doku.php?id=pl:miw:miw08_hml_rules:owl|OWL - Web Ontology Language]] |
| - [[http://example.com|External Link]] |
| - [[http://www.w3.org/2004/12/rules-ws/paper/42/|OWL Rules]] |
| - [[http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Description_logic|Description logic]] |
| - [[http://www2003.org/cdrom/papers/refereed/p117/p117-grosof.html|Description Logic Programs]] |
| - [[http://arxiv.org/abs/0711.3419|Translating OWL and Semantic Web Rules into Prolog]] |
| - [[http://korrekt.org/page/Description_Logic_Rules|Description Logic Rules]] |
| - [[http://www.semanticweb.gr/TheaOWLLib/|An OWL library for [SWI] Prolog]] |
| - [[http://arxiv.org/ftp/arxiv/papers/0711/0711.3419.pdf|Translating OWL and Semantic Web Rules into Prolog]] |
| - [[http://pl.wikipedia.org/wiki/BibTeX|BibTeX]] |